ICAR-JRF or AIEEA-PG Syllabus
ICAR-JRF Agronomy Syllabus and Seats for 2021
Sub subjects :-
- Agronomy/Forage Product
- Tea Husbandry
ICAR-JRF Agronomy Syllabus for 2021:-
UNIT-I: General: Importance of Agriculture in the national economy; basic principles of crop production; cultivation of rice, wheat, chickpea, pigeon-pea, sugarcane, groundnut, rapeseed and mustard, potato. Major soils of India, the role of NPK and their deficiency symptoms. Structure and function of cell organelles; mitosis and meiosis; Mendelian genetics: elementary knowledge of photosynthesis; respiration, photorespiration and transpiration; structure and functions of carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, enzymes, and vitamins.Major pests and diseases of rice, wheat, cotton, chickpea, sugarcane, and their management. Important rural development programs in India; organizational set up of agricultural research, education and extension in India; Elements of statistics.
UNIT-II: Principles of Agronomy, Crop ecology and geography, and Agricultural Meteorology: Agronomy –meaning and scope, National & International agricultural research institutes in India, Agro-climatic zones of India, Tillage, crop stand establishment, and planting geometry and their effect on the crop, Physiological limits of crop yield and variability in relation to ecological optima, organic farming, Precision farming, Integrated farming systems, Principles of field experimentation. Principles of crop ecology and crop adaptation, climate shift, and its ecological implications, Agro-ecological regions in India, Geographical distribution of crop plants, Greenhouse effect, Climatic factors and their effect on plant processes and crop productivity, Role of GIS and GPS in agriculture. Weather & Climate, Earth’s atmosphere, Solar radiation, Atmospheric temperature, and global warming. Crops and atmospheric humidity, Weather forecasts
UNIT-III: Field crops: Origin, distribution, economic importance, soil and climatic requirement, varieties, cultural practices and yield of cereals ( rice, wheat, maize, sorghum, pearl millet, minor millets, barley), pulses(chickpea, lentil, peas, Pigeon pea, mungbean, urban), oilseeds (groundnut, sesame, soybean, rapeseed & mustard, sunflower, safflower, linseed), fiber crops (cotton, jute, sun hemp), sugar crops(sugarcane), fodder & forage crops (sorghum, maize, Napier, berseem, Lucerne, oats), medicinal &aromatic plants (Menthe, lemongrass and isabgol) and commercial crops(potato, tobacco).
UNIT-IV: Weed management: Principles of weed management, Classification, biology and ecology of weeds, crop weed competition, and allelopathy, concepts and methods of weed control, Integrated weed management, Classification, formulations, selectivity and resistance of herbicides, Herbicide persistence in soil and plants, Application methods and types of equipment, Weed flora shifts in cropping systems, Special and problematic weeds and their management in cropped and non-cropped situations, Weed management in field crops.
UNIT-V: Water management: Principles of irrigation, water resources and irrigation development in India, Water and irrigation requirements, Concepts and approaches of irrigation scheduling, Methods of irrigation, Measurement of irrigation water, application, distribution, and use efficiencies, Conjunctive use of water, Irrigation water quality and its management, water management in major field, crops (rice, wheat, maize, groundnut, sugarcane) Agricultural drainage.
UNIT-VI: Soil fertility and fertilizer use: Essential plant nutrients and their deficiency symptoms, the concept of essential of plant nutrients, Indicators of soil fertility and productivity, Fertilizer materials and their availability to plants, slow-release fertilizers, Nitrification inhibitors, Principles and methods of fertilizer application, Integrated nutrient management, site-specific nutrient management.
UNIT-VII: Dryland Agronomy: Characteristics of Dryland farming and delineation of Dryland tracts, constraints of dryland farming in India, Types of drought and their management, contingency crop planning, and midseason corrections for aberrant weather and its recycling. Watershed management.
UNIT-VIII: Problem soils: Problem soils and their distribution in India, Characteristics, and reclamation of these soils, Crop production techniques in problem soils.
UNIT-IX: Sustainable land-use systems: Sustainable agriculture: parameters and indicators, Conservation agriculture, safe disposal of agri-industrial waste for crop production, Agroforestry systems, shifting cultivation, Alternate land-use systems, Wastelands and their remediation for crop production.
.UNIT-X: Water management: Principles of irrigation, water resources and irrigation development in India, Water and irrigation requirements, Concepts and approaches of irrigation scheduling, Methods of irrigation, Measurement of irrigation water, application, distribution, and use efficiencies, Conjunctive use of water, Irrigation water quality and its management, water management in major field, crops (rice, wheat, maize, groundnut, sugarcane) Agricultural drainage.UNIT-VI: Soil fertility and fertilizer use: Essential plant nutrients and their deficiency symptoms, the concept of essential of plant nutrients, Indicators of soil fertility and productivity, Fertilizer materials and their availability to plants, slow-release fertilizers, Nitrification inhibitors, Principles and methods of fertilizer application, Integrated nutrient management, site-specific nutrient management.
ICAR-JRF Horticulture Syllabus and Seats for 2021
Sub subjects:-
1: Horticulture,
2: Vegetable Crops/ Sci, Olericulture,
3: Pomology Fruit Sc., Fruit and Orchard Crops, Management of Plantation Crops, Fruit Breeding
4: Post-harvest Technology of Horticultural Crops/ PHM,
5: Floriculture & Landscaping,
6: Spices and Plantation Crops/Medicinal and Aromatic Plants)
ICAR-JRF Horticulture Syllabus for 2021
UNIT-I: Importance of Agriculture in the national economy; basic principles of crop production; cultivation of rice, wheat, chickpea, pigeon-pea, sugarcane, groundnut, tomato, and mango. Major soils of India, the role of NPK and their deficiency symptoms. Structure and function of cell organelles; mitosis and meiosis; Mendelian genetics; elementary knowledge of photosynthesis; respiration, and transpiration; structure and functions of carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, enzymes, and vitamins. Major pests and diseases
of rice, wheat, cotton, chickpea, sugarcane, and their management. Important rural development programs in India; organizational set up of agricultural research, education and extension in India; Elements of statistics.
UNIT-II: Layout and establishment of orchards; pruning and training; propagation, climatic requirement and cultivation of fruits like mango, banana, citrus, guava, grape, pineapple, papaya, apple, pear, peach and plum; cultivation of plantation crops like coconut and cashew nut and spices like black pepper, coriander,turmeric, important physiological disorders; major vegetable crops of tropical, subtropical and temperate regions ‘like cole crops (cauliflower, cabbage and knol khol), cucurbits (pumpkin, bottlegourd, bittergourd, luffa, muskmelon and watermelon, cucumber), root crops (radish, tapioca sweet potato and potato), leafy vegetables (fenugreek and spinach); solanaceous crops (tomato, chillies and brinjal); techniques for raising the nursery; nutritive value of fruits and vegetables and their role in human nutrition; basic physiologyof ripening in fruits and vegetables and their products; type of fruits and vegetable products and control of fungal and bacterial diseases; major floricultural crops grown in India for commercial purposes like rose, carnation, chrysanthemum, marigold, tuberose, gladiolus, orchids; establishment and maintenance of lawns, trees, shrubs, creepers, hedges and annuals; type of gardens, methods of crop improvement;male sterility and incompatibility; pure line and pedigree selection; backcross, mass selection; heterosis;plant nutrients, deficiency symptoms of nutrients, manures and fertilisers, systems of irrigation,management of important pests and diseases of fruits and vegetables.
ICAR-JRF PLANT SCIENCES Syllabus and Seats for 2021
Sub Subjects:
1: Plant Breeding & Genetics,
2: Plant Pathology,
3: Agricultural Microbiology,
4: Seed Science & Technology,
5: Plant Genetic Resources)
ICAR-JRF PLANT SCIENCES Syllabus for 2021
UNIT-I: Importance of Agriculture in national economy; basic principles of crop production; cultivation of rice, wheat, chickpea, pigeon-pea, sugarcane, groundnut, tomato, potato and mango. Major soils of India, role of NPK and their deficiency symptoms.
UNIT-II: Structure and function of cell organelles; mitosis and meiosis; Mendelian genetics; elementary knowledge of photosynthesis; respiration, and transpiration; structure and functions of carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, enzymes and vitamins. Major pests and diseases of rice, wheat, cotton, chickpea, sugarcane and their management.
UNIT-III: Characteristics of prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms, differences between fungi, bacteria, mycoplasmas and viruses; physical and chemical basis of heredity; chromosome structure; genes/operon concept; protein biosynthesis; transformation, recombination, heterosis; Elements of economic botany; integrated diseases management; sterilisation, disinfection and pasteurization; Koch’s postulates; aetiological agents of rusts, 24 Information Bulletin 2011–2012 smuts, powdery/downy mildews, wilts, yellows, mosaic, necrosis, enations, blights and witches-broom; pH, buffer, vitamins, role of plant hormones in seed germination and dormancy; pollination/fertilization in flowering plants; methods of seed testing; breeders, foundation and certified seeds; seed production in self and cross pollinated crops, nitrate assimilation; biological nitrogen fixation and other uses of microorganisms in agriculture.
UNIT-IV: Food and industry; composting and biogas production. Important rural development programmes in India; organizational set up of agricultural research, education and extension in India.
ICAR-JRF Physical Science Syllabus and Seats for 2021
Sub-Subjects:
- Agricultural / Agro. Meteorology,
- Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry/ Soil
Conservation and Water Management/ SWC/ Irrigation and Water Management, - Agricultural Physics
- Agricultural Chemicals, Environmental Science.
ICAR-JRF Physical Science Syllabus for 2021
UNIT-I: Importance of Agriculture in national perspective; basic principles of crop production, diversification, diversification of Agriculture, the principle of nutrient and water management, package of practices for rice, wheat sorghum, maize, chickpea, pigeon pea, potato, sugarcane, groundnut, major vegetable crops.Role of essential plant nutrients, their deficiency symptoms, and management options. Structure and function of plant cells, cell division, Basic concept of plant physiology relating to crop production Biochemical compounds viz, carbohydrates, proteins, enzymes, fats, liquid vitamins, and their function, developmental programs relating to rural upliftment and livelihood security; organizational set up of agricultural education research and extension and future strategies for up-gradation.
UNIT-II: Volumetric and gravimetric analysis including complexometric methods, periodic classification of an element, Basic principle of instrumental analysis including spectro-photometry (Absorption and emission spectrography), Atomic structure –the elementary concept of radioactivity, element, and compound common ion effect, solubility product—hydrolysis of salts, buffer solution indicates equivalent weights and standard solution.Elementary concepts of organic compounds- nomenclature and classifications including hydrocarbons, alcohol, aldehydes, acids and esters, carbohydrates, fats and liquids, amino acids, nucleic acids. Pesticides, their classification and uses; biopesticides and botanical pesticides.
UNIT-III: Soil as a medium for plant growth, the composition of earth’s crust, weathering of rocks and minerals, components of soil- their importance, soil profile, soil partials- physical mineralogical and chemical nature.Mechanical analysis, Stokes law, assumptions, limitations, and applications. Soil, physical properties density, porosity, texture, soil structure, and their brief descriptions. Rheological properties in soils, calculations of porosity and bulk density. Soil air-Aeration, causes of poor aeration, factors affecting
aeration, the importance for plant growth. Soil temperature – sources and losses of soil heat. Factors affecting soil temperature, its importance in plant growth. Soil water- a structure of water, soil-water-energy relationship, classifications, surface tension, and movement in the soil. Soil colloids- properties, structure of silicate clay minerals, sources of negative charges, properties, kaolinite, illite, montmorillonite and vermiculite clay minerals, milli-equivalent concept, cation exchange capacity, anion exchange capacity,
buffering of soils. Problem soils- acid, saline, sodic, and acid sulfate soils – their characteristics, formation, problems, and management. Irrigation, water quality, and its evaluation. Waterlogged soils- basic features, the distinction with upland soils.
UNIT-IV: Essential plant nutrients- criteria of essentiality, functions for plant growth, mechanisms for movement and uptake of ions in soils and plants, Forms of nutrients in soils, deficiency symptoms on plants, luxury consumption, nutrient interactions, and chelated micronutrients. Soil fertility, evaluation and management for plant growth, soil testing, and fertilizer recommendations. Soil classifications- diagnostic surface and sub-surface horizons, soil survey- types, objectives, uses, land capability classifications. Remote sensing and its application in agriculture, SIS, GIS, and GPS- basic features and uses in agriculture, Elementary concepts of radioisotopes, and uses in agriculture. Soil micro-organisms, Classifications, and their roles.Organic matter- decomposition, C: N ratios, mineralization and immobilization processes, hummus, the role of organic matter in soil quality. Soil erosion, types, and control measures. Fertilizers and manures- classifications, NPK fertilizers, their reactions in soils, green manuring, recycling of organic wastes, composting. Soil and water pollution- sources, brief idea about different pollutants in soils and their management.
ICAR-JRF Entomology Syllabus and Seats for 2021
Sub subjects
- Agricultural/ Horticultural
- Entomology,
- Nematology,
- Apiculture,
- Sericulture,
- Plant Protection.
ICAR-JRF Entomology Syllabus for 2021
UNIT-I: Importance of Agriculture in national economy; basic principles of crop production; cultivation of rice,wheat, chickpea, pigeon-pea, sugarcane, groundnut, tomato, cole crops, mango, grapes, banana, oil seeds other than groundnut, soybean and mustard. Major soils of India, role of NPK and their deficiency symptoms. Mendelian genetics; elementary knowledge of photosynthesis; respiration, and transpiration;Major cropping systems (rice-wheat cropping, crop rotations, mixed cropping); soil degradation-soil salinity and acidity and management; some aspects of post-harvest technology; varietal improvement; importance of Heterosis in crop production; crop protection principles in field and storage. Major insect pests and diseases of agricultural crops like rice, cotton, pulses, oilseed crops like groundnut, soybean and mustard,vegetables like tomato, cole crops; fruit crops like mango and banana and their management principles.Transgenic crops. Important rural development programmes in India; organizational set up of agricultural research, education and extension in India; Elements of statistics.
UNIT-II: Classification of animal kingdom up to class; distinguishing characters up to orders in class Insecta;general organization of an insect external morphology with special reference to lepidopteran larvae,coleopteran adults; and honeybee; metamorphosis and moulting; different physiological systems; insect plant relationship; insect pests of agricultural and horticultural crops, and their stored/processed products,insect vectors of plant diseases- identification, biology, nature of damage, and their management tactics; and pests of household, medical and veterinary importance and their control; useful and beneficial insects like honeybee, lac insect, silkworm and pollinators; Nematode taxonomy, biology of important plant parasitic nematodes and their control; entomopathogenic nematodes, basic principles of insect and nematode pest management-cultural, biological, insecticidal, quarantine, and regulatory aspects; insecticide classification and insecticide resistance management; and insect protective transgenic crops.
ICAR-JRF Plant Biotechnology Syllabus and Seats for 2021
Sub-Subjects:
- Plant Biochemistry/ Bio. Chem.
- Plant Biotechnology & Molecular Biology/Biotechnology,
- Plant /Crop Physiology
ICAR-JRF Plant Biotechnology Syllabus for 2021
UNIT-I:
Basic Sciences & General Agriculture: Importance of agriculture in the national economy; basic principles of crop production; cultivation of rice, wheat, chickpea, pigeon-pea, sugarcane, groundnut, tomato, and mango. Major soils of India; the role of NPK and their deficiency symptoms. General structure and function of cell organelles; mitosis and meiosis; Mendelian genetics. Elementary knowledge of growth, development, photosynthesis, respiration, and transpiration; Elements of economic botany. General structure and function of carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, enzymes, and vitamins. Major pests and diseases of rice, wheat, cotton, chickpea, sugarcane, and their management. Organic farming; biofertilizers; biopesticides. Recombinant DNA technology; transgenic crops. Important rural development programs in India; organizational set up of agricultural research, education, and extension in India. Elements of statistics.
UNIT-II:
Plant Biochemistry: Importance of biochemistry in agriculture. Acid-base concept and buffers; pH. Classification, structure, and metabolic functions of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. Structure and function of nucleic acids. Enzymes: structure, nomenclature, mechanism of action; vitamins and minerals as coenzymes and cofactors. Metabolic pathways: glycolysis, TCA cycle, fatty acid oxidation, triglyceride biosynthesis. Electron transport chain; ATP formation. Photosynthesis: C-3, C-4, and CAM pathways. Nitrate assimilation; biological nitrogen fixation. Colorimetric and chromatographic techniques
UNIT-III:
Plant Biotechnology and Molecular Biology/Biotechnology: Characteristics of prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms; differences between fungi, bacteria, mycoplasma, and viruses. Physical and chemical basis of heredity; chromosome structure. DNA replication, transcription, and translation; genetic code; operon concept. Genetic engineering; restriction enzymes; vectors; gene cloning; gene transfer. Plant cell and tissue culture; micro-propagation; somaclonal variation. Transformation; recombination; heterosis. General application of biotechnology. Molecular and immunological techniques. Concept of bioinformatics, genomics, and proteomics
UNIT-IV:
Plant Physiology/ Crop Physiology: Plant physiology– importance in agriculture. Seed germination, viability, and vigor. Photosynthesis- the significance of C-3, C-4, and CAM pathway; photorespiration and its implications. Translocation of assimilates; dry matter partitioning; Harvest index of crops. Growth and development; growth analysis; crop-water relationship. Plant nutrients and their functions. Phytohormones and their physiological role. Photoperiodism,vernalizationn; pollination/ fertilization in flowering plants. Post-harvest physiology and its significance.
ICAR-JRF - AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY Syllabus and Seats for 2021
Sub-Subjects:
- Soil & Water Conservation Engg./Soil & Water Engg.
- Irrigation Drainage
Engg,/Irrigation Water Mgmt.Engg. - Post-Harvest Technology/ Processing and Food Engg.
- farm machinery and Power Engg.
- Renewable Energy Engg.
ICAR-JRF AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY Syllabus for 2021
UNIT-I: Elementary Statistics and theory of probability, differential and integral calculus, linear algebra and Fourier
series, differential equations, vector algebra & vector calculus, elementary numerical analysis.
UNIT-II: Electric motors: Types, performance, selection, installation, and maintenance, measuring instruments,
fundamentals of computers, power distribution.
UNIT-III: Thermodynamic principles; fluid mechanics, theory of machines.
UNIT-IV: Soil mechanics, soil classification, compaction & shear strength of soils, engineering mechanics, the strength of materials.
UNIT-V: Importance of farm equipment and role of mechanization in enhancing productivity & profitability of Indian agriculture; analysis of forces, design, and production of farm machinery and power units; mechanics of tillage
& traction operation, repair, and maintenance of farm machines and equipment, farm engines; tractors and
power tillers; tractor stability and operators comfort; field capacity and cost analysis; test codes and procedure;
safety and ergonomic principles. Role of energy in economic development; solar, wind and bio-energy; biogas
plants & gasifiers; biofuels from biomass; collection, characterization, and storage of biomass, solar cookers
& solar refrigerators.
UNIT-VI: Biochemical and engineering properties of biological materials; quality control & safety of raw and finished
products. Principles, practices, and equipments for drying, milling, separation, and storage of agricultural
produce and by-products; material handling equipment and operations; farmstead planning; heating & cooling
load calculation; seed processing practices and types of equipment; food preservation methods and products
development; refrigeration and air conditioning; cold stores; waste management, cost analysis & food
processing plants layout, feasibility reports.
UNIT-VII: Surveying and leveling; hydrology, water resources in India; efficiency in water use; irrigation system and
equipment; water conveyances and associated efficiency; soil-plant-water relationship; estimation of
evaporation and water requirements of the crop; water harvesting and use, farm ponds and reservoirs, command
area development, land use capability classification, groundwater development, wells, and pumping equipment,
soil erosion and its control, land shaping and grading equipment and practices, hydraulic structures, drainage
of irrigated and humid areas; salt balance and reclamation of saline and alkaline soil
ICAR-JRF Social Science Syllabus and Seats for 2021
Sub subjects
ICAR-JRF Social Science Syllabus for 2021
UNIT-I: Importance of Agriculture in the national economy; basic principles of crop production; cultivation of rice, wheat, chickpea, pigeon-pea, sugarcane, groundnut, tomato, and mango. Major soils of India, the role of NPK and their deficiency symptoms. Structure and function of cell organelles, mitosis and meiosis; Mendelian genetics; elementary knowledge of photosynthesis; respiration, and transpiration; structure and functions of carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, enzymes, and vitamins. Major pests and diseases
of rice, wheat, cotton, chickpea, sugarcane, and their management. Important rural development programs in India; organizational set up of agricultural research, education and extension in India; Elements of statistics. Measures of central tendency and dispersion, regression and correlation; the concept of probability, sampling techniques, and tests of significance.
UNIT-II: Theory of consumer behavior, theory of demand, the elasticity of demand, indifference curve analysis, theory of the firm, cost curves, theory of supply, price determination, market classification, the concept of macroeconomics, money and banking, national income. Agricultural marketing—role, practice, institutions, problems and reforms, the role of capital and credit in agriculture, crop insurance, credit institutions, cooperatives, capital formation in agriculture, agrarian reforms, globalization, WTO & its impact on Indian agriculture.
UNIT-III: Basic principles of farm management, the concept of farming system and economics of farming systems, agricultural production economics-scope and analysis, factor-product relationship, marginal cost and marginal revenue, farm planning and budgeting, Agricultural finance: nature and scope. Time value of money, Compounding, and discounting. Agricultural credit: meaning, definition, need classification. Credit analysis: 4R’s, 5C’s, and 7 P’s of credit, repayment plans. History of financing agriculture in India. Commercial banks, nationalization of commercial banks. Lead bank scheme, regional rural banks, the scale of finance. Higher financing agencies, RBI, NABARD, AFC, Asian Development Bank, World Bank, the role of capital and credit in agriculture; credit institutions, co-operatives, and agrarian reforms in India.
UNIT-IV: Extension Education- concept, meaning, principles, philosophy, scope, and importance; Extension program planning and evaluation- steps and principles, models of organizing agricultural extension; historical development of extension in the USA, Japan, and India. Rural development, meaning, importance and problems; Rural development programs in India- Pre-independence era to recent ones; Extension teaching methods, definition and concept of sociology, differences between rural & urban communities, social stratification., social groups, social organization, and social change. Rural leadership, educational psychology- learning and teaching, the role of personality in agricultural extension Indian rural system- its characteristics; value system, cost, and class; structure and customs; rural group organization and adult education.UNIT-V: Communication, principles, concepts, process, elements, and barriers in teaching methods. Different kinds of communication methods and media and AV aids/materials. Media mix, Campaign, Cyber extension internet, cybercafé, Kisan Call Centers, teleconferencing, agriculture journalism, diffusion and adoption of innovations- adopter categories, capacity building of extension personnel and farmers- training to farmers, women, and rural youth.